We like air rifles both for fun shooting and for competition. However, so many options are now available that is easy to get overwhelmed with the choices. Thankfully, there is a good book that helps air rifle shooters make informed decisions about air guns and accessories. Steve Markwith’s comprehensive resource, Air Rifles: A Buyer’s and Shooter’s Guide offers a wealth of useful information. This 154-page book is now available for $14.48 (paperback) or $9.95 (Kindle)..
“This is a very informative book explaining the ins and outs of air rifles, their capabilities and limitations. I highly recommend this book to anyone considering purchasing an air rifle for marksmanship practice or small game hunting.” – L. Stanek, Verified Amazon Reviewer
Read Free Sample Chapters Online
If you go to Amazon.com and look right below the book cover photo, you’ll see a “READ SAMPLE” button. Click that to view a FREE preview with extensive samples from many chapters. The book covers all the most important types of air rifle systems, both pre-charged pneumatics and other self-charging guns. Markwith reviews the wide variety of pellets available, offering suggestions for particular applications. You’ll also find a useful discussion of Airgun Power, Range, and Accuracy. This will help you pick the right air rifle.
Markwith explains the many attractions of airguns. They are not considered firearms (in most jurisdictions) so they can be purchased at local shops or mail-order outlets without FFL fees or background checks. You’ll find a huge online selection of airguns at PyramydAir.com that can ship direct to you — no FFL required. Air rifles are also quiet and very inexpensive to shoot. While .177 and .22 caliber air rifles are most common, there are also larger-caliber airguns offered for hunting or special applications.
Pyramyd Air has dozens of helpful videos about air rifles and air pistols.
Hornady has announced a new 25 Creedmoor cartridge. The SAAMI-accepted 25 Creedmoor is a necked-down version of the popular 6.5 Creedmoor. It’s primarily designed for hunters who prefer a compact 25-cal cartridge. Some PRS/NRL shooters may also turn to the 25 Creedmoor because it offers heavier bullets than the 6mm Creedmoor. This allow easier perception of hits on steel at longer ranges. The bigger bullet transfers more energy.
“The 25 Creedmoor is the end result of our constant pursuit of maximizing ballistic potential” states Jayden Quinlan, Hornady Senior Ballistician. “This cartridge fills that competitive niche between 6mm and 6.5mm — providing shooters the absolute best blend of moderate recoil, flat trajectory, and superior wind resistance.”
Hornady claims that, given its up-to-date case design, the “25 Creedmoor is the first SAAMI-accepted 25 caliber cartridge that was explicitly designed to take full advantage of the sleek, low-drag bullets that are now available.” As you might expect, the 25 Creedmoor has a 2.800″ overall length to function properly from AICS-style magazines.
“Variants of the 25 Creedmoor have existed in the wildcat space for quite some time and for good reason … it gives the discerning shooter a competitive advantage. Now we can offer that same level of performance to the shooter with factory ammo offerings” added Quinlan. Hornady claims that the 25 Creedmoor is the “first SAAMI‑accepted .25 caliber cartridge purpose‑built to harness today’s sleek, low‑drag bullets.”
Filling the gap between the 6mm and 6.5mm, Hornady claims that this new 25-caliber cartridge delivers exceptional accuracy and functions perfectly in AICS‑style magazines. For PRS/NRL shooters this offers a middle range of recoil between the 6mm Creedmoor and 6.5mm Creedmoor. Hopefully Hornady’s 25-caliber bullets will prove accurate. Initially you’ll have a choice of a 128gr ELD-X hunting bullet and a 134gr ELD Match gullet — both offered in Hornady factory ammo:
For the new 25 Creedmoor cartridge, Hornady will be offering modified cases and a variety of die sets.
Firing an “off-the-rack” M1903 Springfield that he had never shot before, using GI-issue “tin-plate” ammunition, George Farr shot 71 consecutive bullseyes at 1000 yards (70 for record), setting a marksmanship record that has never been broken.
This is not the typical Daily Bulletin feature. It is an historical account of one of the greatest performances by a marksman in the history of the National Matches at Camp Perry. We think any competitive shooter will find this amazing narrative worth reading from beginning to end. This story is provided courtesy the NRA Blog with photos supplied by the NRA Museums.
An Old Man at the National Matches:
‘Dad’ Farr’s Golden Afternoon at Camp Perry by Doug Wicklund, NRA Museums Senior Curator
It was 1921. Warren Harding was President of the United States, and “The War to End All Wars” was less than three years past. The nation was getting back to a normal routine, and for competitive shooters, that meant an annual pilgrimage through the state of Ohio to the shores of Lake Erie, where the National Matches had been held since 1907 at Camp Perry. In those lighter days of the “Roaring Twenties”, marksmen from states banded together to make the journey, housing together in tent clusters on green lawns well behind the firing points.
The silver plate affixed to George Farr’s M1903 Springfield states: “With this rifle and using issued ammunition Mr. G.R. Farr of Seattle Wash in the Wimbleton Match, 1921, Camp Perry O., made 71 consecutive bulls eyes at 1000 yards”.
But one man at the 1921 National Matches stood out amongst the rest. George “Dad” Farr was a 62-year-old man from the state of Washington, and this was his first time heading east to shoot in the “big leagues”, as some of his fellow Evergreen State friends termed the annual competitions.
Aptly nicknamed, “Dad” was a good bit older than the average shooter during that late summer season, striding forward hesitantly clad in a khaki shirt and dungarees. He wasn’t a practiced High Power shooter — he showed up at Camp Perry without a rifle, and relied on a crude monocular for a spotting scope that he had fashioned from a pair of French opera glasses.
At the previous day’s shooting, he had experienced issues with the initial .30-06 rifle he had chosen from the rack, a Model 1903 Springfield that didn’t seem to hold a consistent zero. This day, he chose a different gun, just another off-the-rack rifle no different from the one next to it. Though he didn’t realize it, George Farr had just made the best selection of his life.
Farr readied his bolt-action and prepared a clip of five rounds of Government Issue ammunition, then went to his position. He was ready to fire on a 1,000-yard target with a rifle he had never shot before.
Perhaps he had resigned himself somewhat to the outcome — after all, it was the last relay of the day on September 9. Off to the west, the sun was beginning its slow trip down to the horizon. But Farr shouldered his Springfield and prepared to fire. The time was 4:30 p.m. Shooters nearby were puzzled by this shooter who squirmed and shifted repeatedly, but were amazed as he made his first hits on paper. Farr was shooting Frankford Arsenal tin-plate ammunition, the standard G.I. .30-06 rounds. More experienced marksmen, like Marine Sgt. John Adkins — who had just won the Wimbledon Cup — were using commercial Remington match ammunition and had spurned the government ammo.
The Historic String of Bullseyes
At that distant 36-inch target, Farr scored two hits for his two sighters, with the last sighter being a bullseye. He then prepared to fire 20 shots for record. Each of those 20 shots went into the center. Each scored as a “5”. At the end of this amazing string, Farr gathered up his monocular and prepared to depart. His fellow shooters quickly advised that match rules required him to continue firing until he missed “the black”, the inner 5-Ring bullseye at the center of the target. Farr had only brought one box of ammunition with him to the firing line, and had run out. As he waited for more of the tin-plate ammo he had been using, the sun continued its retreat. Farr continued his shooting, racking up growing strings of bullseyes – 30, 40 50, 60 – each impact on target being carefully recorded on his scorecard in the growing darkness.
Then, at the 71st shot with daylight completely gone, the bullet strayed outside the target center, and Farr’s incredible string came to its conclusion. But counting his second sighting shot, George Farr had fired 71 consecutive bullseyes at 1,000 yards using an unfamiliar rifle plucked from an ordnance rack earlier that day. It was an amazing feat, one immediately recognized by those in attendance. His fellow shooters quickly took up a generous collection, contributing in recognition of Farr’s natural skill and enabling him to purchase that bolt-action Springfield he had worked magic with on that distant target. Enough funds remained that a silver presentation plate, inscribed with the names of the states whose competitors had contributed, was ordered and mounted on the side of the rifle’s buttstock.
The next year, the Civilian Team Trophy was re-designated as the Farr Trophy, and George Farr’s record, fired on the old target system, was never beaten. Farr’s rifle went home with him to Washington and remained there, never again traveling eastward to Camp Perry. In 2011, The Farr family donated this legendary piece of shooting history to the NRA National Firearms Museum collection.
In 2013, as NRA Museums curators began assembling the collection for display at the NRA National Sporting Arms Museum at Bass Pro Shops in Springfield, Missouri, the museum staff created a unique exhibit featuring George Farr’s Model 1903 Springfield rifle and its special place in competitive shooting history. Alongside the rifle rests Farr’s simple monocular, another mute witness to Camp Perry history made on that September evening in 1921.
Farr’s Springfield… is one of thousands of historically significant firearms found in the NRA Museums collections on display across three locations. To view the collection and learn more about the incredible stories behind each gun, visit the NRA Museums in person or browse the NRA Museums website.
What we now know as the “6mm Remington” was originally called the .244 Remington. The cartridge was renamed because it was not a commercial success initially, being eclipsed by the .243 Winchester. The .244 Remington and the 6mm Remington are identical — only the name was changed. Why was the .244 Remington an “also-ran” to the .243 Win? Sierra Bullets Ballistics Technician Paul Box provides some answers…
The year was 1955. A time of carhops, drive-in movies, and Buffalo Bob. It was also the year that Winchester introduced the .243 Win and Remington counter-punched with the .244 Remington (now more commonly known as the 6mm Remington). The .243 Win was based off the time-proven .308 Win case while Remington chose the old war horse, the 7×57.
We’ve all read countless times how Winchester chose the 1:10″ twist, while Remington adopted the 1:12″ twist for their .244 Rem rifles. The first complaint in the gun magazines of that era was how the faster twist Winchester could handle 100 grain bullets, while Remington’s [12-twist factory rifles were supposedly limited to 90 grain bullets].
The first complaint I remember reading was that the 100-grainer was better suited for deer-sized game and the 1:12″-twist wouldn’t stabilize bullets in this weight range. Now, let’s look at this a little closer. Anybody that thinks a 100-grainer is a deer bullet and a 95-grainer isn’t, has been drinking too much Kool-aid. In all honesty, it’s all about bullet construction and Remington had constructed the [90s] with light game in mind. In other words, Remington got it right, but due to a lack of knowledge at the time on both bullet construction and stability, the .244 never gained the popularity it deserved. At that time, Sierra had the 100gr SMP and Hornady offered a 100gr RN that would both stabilize in the slower 1-12″ twist. The .244 Remington provides another classic example of how the popularity of a cartridge suffered due to a lack of knowledge.
.244 Rem vs. .243 Win — What the Experts Say
Respected gun writer Chuck Hawks says the .244 Remington deserved greater acceptance: “The superb 6mm Remington started life in 1955, the same year as the .243 Winchester. It was originally named the .244 Remington. Although the 6mm lost the popularity contest to the .243, it is one of my favorite rifle cartridges, and much appreciated by reloaders generally. The .244 Rem and 6mm Rem cartridges are completely interchangeable, and anyone with a .244 Rem rifle can shoot [6mm Rem] ammunition in complete safety (or vice-versa). Remington .244 rifles made from 1958 on can stabilize all 6mm bullets, while those made in 1955 through 1957 are limited to loads using spitzer bullets not heavier than 90 grains for best accuracy.”
Nathan Foster, author of The Practical Guide to Long Range Hunting Cartridges, states: “In 1963 Remington attempted to regain ground by releasing .244 rifles with a new 1:9″ twist to handle heavier bullets. The cartridge was renamed the 6mm Remington and new ammunition was loaded giving the hunter the choice of either an 80gr bullet for varmints or a 100gr bullet for deer. In comparison to the .243 Win, factory loads for the .244/6mm Remington are slightly more powerful while hand loads increase this margin further.”
Was the .244 Remington Actually Better than the .243 Winchester?
The .244 Remington (aka “6mm Remington”) has a velocity advantage over the .243 Winchester due to a slightly larger case capacity. The longer case neck of the .244 Remington is considered desirable by handloaders. We like the added capacity and long neck of the original .244 Remington. As renamed the “6mm Remington”, the cartridge HAS developed a following, particularly with varmint hunters looking for a high-velocity 6mm option. But it never achieved the success of the .243 Winchester for many reasons. As a member of the .308 family of cartridges, the .243 Winchester has certain obvious advantages. First, you can simply neck down .308 Win brass, which was available at low cost from many sources. Moreover, a .308 Win or 7mm-08 full-length sizing die could be used for body sizing. Still the .244 Remington (6mm Remington) presents an interesting “what if?” story…
The compact CANiK METE MC9 PRIME pistol has been named the 2025 ICA (Industry Choice Awards) Concealed Carry Handgun of the Year. This compact single-stack 9mm pistol features a ported barrel and an optics-ready slide. Average retail price is $599.99.
Testers have stated the METE MC9 Prime has good ergonomics, a good trigger, and the ported barrel reduces muzzle rise compared to popular carry pistols such as the Glock 19 and Ruger American. The controls are nice and the pistol ships with 3 backstraps, so the grip can be adapted to owner hand size.
The METE MC9 Prime is equipped with an integrally-compensated slide and ported barrel, flat-faced trigger with 90-degree break, slide lightening cuts, and flared slide for smoother manipulation. The frame boasts full grip stippling for a better feel and control. The slide is optics-ready with co-witness capability. This made-in-USA CANik firearm ships in a premium hard case and includes two 17-round magazines, a G-Code IWB/OWB ambidextrous holster, 3 sizes of backstraps, tool/cleaning kits, and magazine speed loader.
Jeff Rose, CANiK Director of Marketing stated: “This isn’t just another micro-compact. The MC9 Prime delivers unmatched capacity, uncompromising control, and a trigger that redefines what you expect from a concealed carry firearm.” The METE MC9 Prime is the first pistol made in CANiK’s new facility in West Palm Beach, Florida.
Redding Reloading offers handy Handloader’s Data Sheets in printable PDF format. This FREE 2-page form allows hand-loaders to document their tool settings, bushing size, powder charge, load specs (COAL etc.), and case prep status on Page 1. Then the second page allows you to enter your load testing information, complete with chronograph data, group size, zero range, and wind/temp conditions. The top of page 2 has fields for listing wind and weather conditions. Then below there are six (6) blocks for 5-shot strings, with places to record ES, SD, Average Velocity, and group size. With this single, handy form you can document all the vital information for your particular cartridges and loads. We suggest you print these out, 3-hole-punch ‘em, and then keep them in a three-ring binder.
We’ve seen various reloading log templates, but this Redding form (shown below) is better than most because it combines both reloading data AND range-test data in one place. You can see all key details of the reloading process (tool settings etc.) plus the end results — how the load actually performed over the chronograph and on paper. This form allows the user to capture a large amount of information for later use, while accurately track load development. CLICK HERE to DOWNLOAD.
FREE Ammunition Box Label Template Redding also provides a FREE printable template for your ammo boxes (see photo at top of article). This lets you put all vital load info on your ammo boxes. There are fields for: Date, Cartridge, Powder, Grains, Bullet, Weight, Primer, Case type. Designed for Avery 5260 (or similar) label sheets, this template allows you to print 30 labels at one time. You can purchase the Avery 5260 peel-off printable label sheets at any office supply store.
At the request of our readers, we provide select “Deals of the Week”. Every Sunday afternoon or Monday morning we offer our Best Bargain selections. Here are some of the best deals on firearms, hardware, reloading components, optics, and shooting accessories. Be aware that sale prices are subject to change, and once clearance inventory is sold, it’s gone for good. You snooze you lose.
NOTE: All listed products are for sale to persons 18 years of age or older. No products are intended for use by minors.
1. BRUNO Shooters Supply — 50th Anniversary Blow-Out Sale
⏺️ » Major 20-40% savings on vast selection of products
Bruno Shooter’s Supply is celebrating its 50th Anniversary with a Major Blow-Out SALE. Bruno’s is offering HUGE discounts on a vast selection of products. Powders and primers are discounted, and there are big savings on rimfire and centerfire ammo. In addition, Lapua brass and Alpha brass are discounted as well as a huge variety of bullets from major manufacturers. Plus there are discounts on dies and other reloading tools. Guys, definitely check out this Bruno’s sale — you’ll find exceptional savings this week.
2. CDNN Sports — Gun Sale with FREE Shipping 8/11/2025
⏺️ » Significant savings plus FREE firearms shipping on 8/11/25
Here’s a cool deal that can save you $30-$70 — but you better act fast. Right now, through 5:00 pm on Monday August 11, 2025, CDNN Sports is offering FREE Shipping on firearms. This promotion is “icing on the cake” with CDNN’s already great pricing on guns. For example the cool Walther .22 LR pistol is discounted a whopping $459 (from $699.00 to $239.99), while the Ruger American Ranch rifle with optic is discounted $149 (from $729.00 to $579.99).
3. Creedmoor Sports — Berger Bullet Sale, Save up to 20%
⏺️ Good discounts on very large selection of Berger bullets
Now’s the time to get components, with the competition season getting underway. And right now Creedmoor Sports is running a major Berger Bullet Sale with quality Berger bullets from .17 to .30 calibers in a wide variety of hunting and match types. Choose target hybrids, varmint bullets, Elite Hunters or other bullet types for your next match or hunt. Many of the most popular .22-Cal, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, and .30-Cal match bullets are on sale.
4. SIG Sauer — SIG Sauer 2.5-8X Scope and Rangefinder, $299.99
⏺️ » Amazing deal on BDX Bluetooth-connected scope and laser rangefinder
Here’s a good SIG Sauer Combo Kit at a great price. For just $299.99 you can get a 2.5-8x32mm scope PLUS a laser rangefinder. The SIERRA3BDX scope boasts a BDX system that “talks” to the KILO2800BDX rangefinder to determine target distance. Then the scope automatically shows your hold-over point — no need to dial turrets. This system uses Bluetooth to share readings from the BDX-enabled rangefinder with the BDX-enabled optic. The BDX system enables hunters to hit their target prey rapidly and precisely.
5. MidwayUSA — Walkers Electronic Plugs and Muffs 40-53% Off
⏺️ » Good electronic hearing protection with 23dB+ Ratings
All shooters need high quality hearing protection. Modern electronic muffs and plugs offer over 23 decibles of sound reduction, with the advantage that users can still hear range commands and communicate with fellow shooters. Right now MidwayUSA is offering 40% Off Razor Slim Muffs with Walkie-Talkie system and 53% off Walker’s Restrictor Earplugs with an impressive 23dB NRR. These electronic plugs have Bluetooth so you can listen to messages from your cellphone or other devices.
6. Palmetto State Armory — AR15 Lower Receiver, $49.99
⏺️ » Amazing Deal on quality AR lower receiver
With the election just a month away, and Biden/Harris slamming through anti-gun executive orders, you want to get that AR15 build started while you still can. If you need an AR lower, here’s a great deal. Palmetto State Armory (PSA) now has stripped AR15 lowers for just $49.99. With this lower as the core, you can build up your AR for any discipline you choose: 3-Gun rifle, service rifle competition, varmint rifle, or even “race gun” for the PRS Gas Gun Series. These PSA lowers are forged using 7075-T6 Aluminum and have a durable, mil-spec anodized hardcoat finish.
7. Palmetto SA — Bulk .22 LR Ammo, 6 to 8 cents per round
⏺️ » Great deals on American-made rimfire ammo — Federal, Rem, Winchester
For fun close-range shooting, it’s hard to beat the .22 LR rimfire cartridge. It is inexpensive, has low recoil, and barrels last many thousands of rounds. Right now you can get good, reliable, American-made .22 LR ammo at big savings. Bulk ammo packs of 250 to 1400 rounds are on sale for just 6 to 8 cents per round at Palmetto State Armory. Show above are three bargain packs, but there are many other great deals.
⏺️ » Excellent, rugged rifle case at a very good price
When flying or driving it’s vital to protect your rifles. A good hard case option (at a great price) is the APACHE 9800 Weatherproof Protective Rifle Case. On sale for $149.99, this 53″-long case is $190.00 less than an equivalent-size Pelican case. Constructed from durable polypropylene, this quality hard case can protect long guns from from impact, moisture, and dust. The built-in purge valve equalizes pressure so you can open the case after changing elevations. NOTE: Case interior dimensions are 50⅜” by 13⅝”.
9. Amazon — Tactical Shooting Mat & Rest Bags, $22.99
⏺️ » Handy shooting mat with two bags — all for under $23
Shooting prone requires a good shooting mat. And it helps to have front and rear bags. One budget-priced option is this DGVR Tactical Shooting Mat (#ad) set that comes with both front and rear bags. Get the mat and both bags for just $22.99 on Amazon (#ad). The 1000D Nylon shooting mat is waterproof with a non-slip coating and handy carry strap. NOTE: The two nylon bags ship empty — you add filling.
As an Amazon affiliate, this site can earn revenues through sales commissions.
The CMP M14 Heritage Match was held Sunday, August 3, 2025 at the Viale Range at Camp Perry.
M1A rifles at M14 Heritage Match at Camp Perry
Today we feature the M1A rifle. Last week, the rugged M1A rifle, descended from the M1 Garand and M14, was the star of the show at Camp Perry. The M14 Heritage Match was held last Sunday, August 3, 2025, at the CMP 2025 National Rifle Matches.
History of the M14 Heritage Match and Springfield M1A Match
The M14 Heritage Match, previously the Springfield Armory M1A match, began with one man’s concept. Springfield Armory’s Mike Doy witnessed the waning of classic M1 Garand and M1A rifles from the competitive High Power firing lines. “I really wanted to get those M1A rifles out of safes and closets and back out onto the field. So [in 2008] I promoted the idea of running an M1A-specific match at Camp Perry. That first year we had over 600 competitors and spectators.” After running as a Springfield Armory-sponsored match (with cash prizes) for many years, the match is now the “M14 Heritage Match”.
Folks, take the time to WATCH this 3-minute video. It has great match footage of Camp Perry and interviews with M1A competitors. Well worth watching!
Nick Till in 2009 M1A Match. Nick was the 2007 Service Rifle Nat’l Champion. Photo courtesy NRA Blog.
M1A Competition at Camp Perry National Matches
For many years, the semi-auto version of the M14 was “top dog” in iron sights Service Rifle competition. Now that discipline is dominated by .223 Rem (5.56×45) AR-type rifles, but the bigger .308-caliber rifle, now sold as the M1A, remains popular. The CMP hosts a major M1A Match every year at Camp Perry now called the “M14 Heritage Match”. Significant prizes are awarded. In past years M1A Match competitors took home over $25,000 worth of cash and merchandise when the match was sponsored by Springfield Armory.
Photo courtesy Civilian Marksmanship Program.
M1A Match 2016 — Rapid Fire Sitting Stage
In the April 2018 issue of Shooting Sports USA, you’ll find a good article on the civilian version of the M14, now sold commercially as the Springfield M1A. An evolution of the battle-proven M1 Garand, the M14 was designed to shoot the 7.62×51 (.308 Win) round instead of the larger .30-06 Springfield cartridge used in WWI, WWII and Korea. While the vast majority of today’s M1As are chambered for .308 Win/7.62×51, Springfield Armory also produces a 6.5 Creedmoor version.
Dick Jones reports that accurized M14/M1As could post remarkable scores: “The accuracy potential of the M14/M1A is unquestionable. During their reign as service rifles, they produced multiple perfect 200 scores at 600 and 1000 yards in the hands of top shooters. This is a difficult feat with a modern, scoped, magnum-caliber rifle and remarkable with an iron-sighted battle rifle. Good competition rifles can group 10 shots under one MOA, and the meticulously-massaged rifles used by the top shooters during my career would consistently put up 10 shots under an inch at 200 yards off a test cradle.”
In this video, YouTube Reviewer Hickok 45 compares the M1 Garand and the M14/M1A:
“Descended from the M1 Garand, the M14 utilized multiple improvements that made it a far superior firearm for combat and a much better rifle for competition.” — Dick Jones, Shooting Sports USA.
M1A Match Equipment Rules and Course of Fire
Renewed interest in the M1A led to the first dedicated Camp Perry M1A match in 2008. That first-ever match drew over 500 shooters. Match equipment rules allow pretty much all types/grades of M1As. The one-day course of fire consists of 50 shots at 300 yards on the NRA MR-65F target, as follows: 5 sighters; 20 shots slow-fire prone; 10 shots rapid-fire prone; 10 shots rapid-fire, kneeling or sitting; and 10 shots slow-fire standing. Here are photos from the 2014 MIA match, courtesy NRA General Operations.
See how the modern M1A is built in this Springfield Armory Video:
As racing improves automobiles, competition improves firearms, and the current crop of Springfield M1As, from the Basic to the top-of-the-line Super Match and Loaded models, reflects the years of development. The M14 and its variants are … still considered by many to be the best battle rifle in the history of the U.S. Military. — Dick Jones, Shooting Sports USA
What is Parallax?
Parallax is the apparent movement of the scope’s reticle (cross-hairs) in relation to the target as the shooter moves his eye across the exit pupil of the riflescope. This is caused by the target and the reticle being located in different focal planes.
Here’s a good explanation of scope parallax. This video has been watched over 790,000 times.
Why is it Important?
The greater the distance to the target and magnification of the optic, the greater the parallax error becomes. Especially at longer distances, significant sighting error can result if parallax is not removed.
How to Remove Parallax
This Nightforce Tech Tip video quickly shows how to remove parallax on your riflescope.
While keeping the rifle still and looking through the riflescope, a slight nod of the head up and down will quickly determine if parallax is present. To remove parallax, start with the adjustment mechanism on infinity and rotate until the reticle remains stationary in relation to the target regardless of head movement. If parallax has been eliminated, the reticle will remain stationary in relation to the target regardless of eye placement behind the optic.
So you’re thinking of buying a suppressor (aka “moderator”, “silencer”). You can’t just get one off the shelf at Walmart. Acquiring a suppressor requires filling out paperwork and paying a Federal $200 Tax Stamp. Plus there is typically a pretty long wait. However, the good news is that suppressor ownership is now legal in 42 of the 50 American states — that’s 84%! For most American adults, getting a suppressor is legal, provided the buyer passes the required background checks (explained below). The 42 “suppressor-friendly” states are shown as RED in the illustration below.
States Where Suppressor Ownership is Allowed
These 42 states allow private ownership of suppressors: AL, AK, AZ, AR, CO, CT, FL, GA, ID, IN, IA, KS, KY, LA, ME, MD, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NM, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY. Note: Even if you live in one of the states listed, you should still verify that owning a suppressor is legal in your area. Some states may have municipal- or county-based restrictions.
“Suppressor ownership [has] boomed in the 21st century. Thanks in part to companies like Silencer Central that streamline the purchasing process, the number of registered suppressors has grown from 285,000 in 2010 to over 2.6 million in 2020.” — GunsAmerica Digest
States Which Prohibit Suppressor Ownership
The eight states which prohibit suppressor ownership are: California, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island. These states are shown in GRAY in the map.
Good News — Suppressor Tax Will Be Eliminated Next Year
The suppressor transfer tax has not been eliminated yet, but it will be reduced to $0 (zero) starting January 1, 2026. This law change was effectuated by recent Federal legislation through Congress and signed by President Trump. The “One Big Beautiful Bill”, passed by Congress and signed into law by President Trump on July 4, 2025, includes a provision reducing the NFA tax stamp on suppressors and short-barreled firearms to $0. The Silenco Video below from 8/4/2025 explains the new law changes.
Current Status: As of today, August 10, 2025, the $200 tax stamp is still required for the purchase of suppressors and other NFA items.
Effective Date: This change to a $0 tax stamp will take effect on January 1, 2026.
Interim Period (August 2025 – December 2025): Some retailers, like Silencer Central, are offering promotions to cover the $200 tax stamp fee on select suppressors purchased before the $0 tax stamp becomes effective, according to Silencer Central.
NFA Regulations Still Apply: Even after the tax stamp is eliminated in 2026, suppressors will still be regulated under the National Firearms Act (NFA). This means you’ll still need to go through the ATF process, including fingerprinting and background checks, to acquire a suppressor.
Qualifications to Obtain a Suppressor
To legally obtain a suppressor, you must fill out Federal Forms and pay a $200 fee to the ATF. You must also pass BATFE background checks and otherwise comply with Federal and state laws. States can regulate suppressor ownership or use, so be sure to check the laws in your area. On the federal level, the process to acquire a suppressor is regulated under the National Firearms Act of 1934. According to the American Suppressor Association, to own a suppressor in the United States you must:
1. Be at least 21 years of age to purchase a suppressor from a dealer.
2. Be at least 18 years of age to purchase a suppressor from an individual on a Form 4 to Form 4 transfer (contingent on state laws).
3. Be at least 18 years of age to possess a suppressor as a beneficiary of a trust or as a member of a corporation (contingent on state laws).
4. Be a resident of the United States.
5. Be legally eligible to purchase a firearm.*
6. Pass a BATFE background check with a typical process time of 8 to 10 months.
7. Pay a one time $200 Transfer Tax. NOTE: This tax will be eliminated as of 1/1/2026.
*That fifth requirement, “be legally eligible to purchase a firearm”, involves a list of factors. The prohibitions are set forth in the “prohibited person” list found on ATF Form 4473.
Redding also provides a FREE 
